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Amharic Alphabet | የአማርኛ ፊደላት

The Amharic script, known as Fidel (ፊደል), is one of the oldest writing systems still in use today. It consists of 33 basic characters, each with seven forms representing different vowelsounds, creating a syllabary of 231 distinct symbols.

ህ Family
h
Type "h" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
he1st
hu2nd
hi3rd
ha4th
hie5th
h6th
ho7th
ሕ Family
hh
Type "hh" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
hhe1st
hhu2nd
hhi3rd
hha4th
hhie5th
hh6th
hho7th
ል Family
l
Type "l" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
le1st
lu2nd
li3rd
la4th
lie5th
l6th
lo7th
ም Family
m
Type "m" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
me1st
mu2nd
mi3rd
ma4th
mie5th
m6th
mo7th
ሥ Family
ss
Type "ss" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
sse1st
ssu2nd
ssi3rd
ssa4th
ssie5th
ss6th
sso7th
ር Family
r
Type "r" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
re1st
ru2nd
ri3rd
ra4th
rie5th
r6th
ro7th
ስ Family
s
Type "s" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
se1st
su2nd
si3rd
sa4th
sie5th
s6th
so7th
ሽ Family
x
Type "x" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
xe1st
xu2nd
xi3rd
xa4th
xie5th
x6th
xo7th
ቅ Family
q
Type "q" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
qe1st
qu2nd
qi3rd
qa4th
qie5th
q6th
qo7th
ብ Family
b
Type "b" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
be1st
bu2nd
bi3rd
ba4th
bie5th
b6th
bo7th
ቭ Family
v
Type "v" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ve1st
vu2nd
vi3rd
va4th
vie5th
v6th
vo7th
ት Family
t
Type "t" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
te1st
tu2nd
ti3rd
ta4th
tie5th
t6th
to7th
ች Family
c
Type "c" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ce1st
cu2nd
ci3rd
ca4th
cie5th
c6th
co7th
ኅ Family
H
Type "H" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
He1st
Hu2nd
Hi3rd
Ha4th
Hie5th
H6th
Ho7th
ን Family
n
Type "n" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ne1st
nu2nd
ni3rd
na4th
nie5th
n6th
no7th
ኝ Family
N
Type "N" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Ne1st
Nu2nd
Ni3rd
Na4th
Nie5th
N6th
No7th
ክ Family
k
Type "k" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ke1st
ku2nd
ki3rd
ka4th
kie5th
k6th
ko7th
ኽ Family
K
Type "K" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Ke1st
Ku2nd
Ki3rd
Ka4th
Kie5th
K6th
Ko7th
ው Family
w
Type "w" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
we1st
wu2nd
wi3rd
wa4th
wie5th
w6th
wo7th
ዕ Family
A
Type "A" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Ae1st
Au2nd
Ai3rd
Aa4th
Aie5th
A6th
Ao7th
ዝ Family
z
Type "z" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ze1st
zu2nd
zi3rd
za4th
zie5th
z6th
zo7th
ዥ Family
Z
Type "Z" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Ze1st
Zu2nd
Zi3rd
Za4th
Zie5th
Z6th
Zo7th
የ Family
y
Type "y" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ye1st
yu2nd
yi3rd
ya4th
yie5th
y6th
yo7th
ድ Family
d
Type "d" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
de1st
du2nd
di3rd
da4th
die5th
d6th
do7th
ጅ Family
j
Type "j" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
je1st
ju2nd
ji3rd
ja4th
jie5th
j6th
jo7th
ግ Family
g
Type "g" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ge1st
gu2nd
gi3rd
ga4th
gie5th
g6th
go7th
ጥ Family
T
Type "T" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Te1st
Tu2nd
Ti3rd
Ta4th
Tie5th
T6th
To7th
ጭ Family
C
Type "C" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Ce1st
Cu2nd
Ci3rd
Ca4th
Cie5th
C6th
Co7th
ጵ Family
P
Type "P" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Pe1st
Pu2nd
Pi3rd
Pa4th
Pie5th
P6th
Po7th
ጽ Family
S
Type "S" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
Se1st
Su2nd
Si3rd
Sa4th
Sie5th
S6th
So7th
ፅ Family
SS
Type "SS" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
SSe1st
SSu2nd
SSi3rd
SSa4th
SSie5th
SS6th
SSo7th
ፍ Family
f
Type "f" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
fe1st
fu2nd
fi3rd
fa4th
fie5th
f6th
fo7th
ፕ Family
p
Type "p" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
pe1st
pu2nd
pi3rd
pa4th
pie5th
p6th
po7th
እ Family
a
Type "a" followed by a vowel (e, u, i, a, ee/ie, ə, o)
AmharicTypeOrder
ae1st
au2nd
ai3rd
aa4th
aie5th
a6th
ao7th

Note: Some characters may have alternative typing methods.

Font: Nyala or Noto Sans Ethiopic required for proper display.

Amharic Fidel Script: Ancient Ethiopian Writing System Guide

Discover the beauty of the Amharic fidel script, part of the ancient ge'ez writing system that has been used since the 4th century. This comprehensive guide explores the semitic languages family and the rich cultural heritage of Ethiopian orthodox literature through its unique script structure.

Ancient Script System
Semitic Languages Family
4th Century Origins

Understanding the Amharic Fidel Script

The Amharic fidel script belongs to the south semitic branch of writing systems and represents one of the oldest continuously used scripts in Africa. Derived from the ancient ge'ez script which emerged in the 4th century, this writing system has been integral to Ethiopian culture and Ethiopian orthodox religious traditions for over 1,600 years.

As part of the broader semitic languages family, the fidel script uses a unique syllabic approach where each character represents a consonant-vowel combination. This distinctive feature sets it apart from other writing systems and creates the flowing, artistic appearance that characterizes Ethiopian manuscript traditions.

Structure of the Ethiopian Writing System

The Ethiopian writing system, rooted in south semitic traditions, contains over 300 distinct characters when you count all the base letters and their variations. This complex structure reflects the sophisticated nature of semitic languages and their adaptation to Ethiopian phonetics.

Script Organization:

  • Base consonants: 34 fundamental characters derived from ge'ez script
  • Vowel variations: Each consonant has 7 forms (syllabic system)
  • Total combinations: 238 consonant-vowel pairs
  • Special characters: Numbers, punctuation, and liturgical symbols
  • Historical usage: Preserved in Ethiopian orthodox manuscripts since the 4th century

Historical Development: From Ge'ez to Modern Fidel

The evolution of the Ethiopian writing system traces back to the 4th century when the ancient ge'ez script was developed. As a member of the south semitic language family, ge'ez served as the foundation for multiple scripts across the Horn of Africa.

The Ethiopian orthodox church played a crucial role in preserving and developing this script system. Religious manuscripts, biblical translations, and liturgical texts maintained the continuity of the writing tradition through centuries of change. Today's Amharic fidel represents a direct descendant of this ancient system, adapted for modern Ethiopian communication while preserving its historical roots.

Ethiopian Alphabet vs Amharic Alphabet: Understanding the Difference

Many people wonder about the relationship between the Ethiopian alphabet amharic and other Ethiopian scripts. The term "Ethiopian alphabet" is often used interchangeably with "Amharic alphabet," but there's an important distinction to understand.

The Ethiopian language amharic alphabet is actually one specific application of the broader Ge'ez script (also called Fidel). This ancient writing system is used for multiple languages in Ethiopia and Eritrea, including Tigrinya, Tigre, and others. When people refer to the amharic fidel, they're talking about the specific adaptation of this script for writing Amharic.

Amharic Letters in English: Translation and Pronunciation Guide

Learning amharic letters in english requires understanding how each Fidel character corresponds to English sounds. Our amharic alphabet with english guide provides clear phonetic equivalents for every letter in amharic.

Basic Vowel Sounds:

(ha) - like "ha" in "hat"

(hu) - like "hoo" in "hood"

(hi) - like "hee" in "heel"

(haa) - like "ha" in "father"

(hee) - like "hay" in "hey"

(hə) - like "huh" (schwa sound)

(ho) - like "ho" in "hope"

Beyond the Basics: Mastering Ethiopian Fidel

Once you've mastered the basic amharic alphabet letters, you can explore the deeper aspects of ethiopian fidel writing. This includes understanding the historical development of the script, regional variations, and how it connects to other Ethiopian languages.

The term amharic feedel (an alternative spelling of "fidel") emphasizes the cultural significance of this writing system. It's not just a tool for communication—it's a bridge to Ethiopian history, literature, and identity.

Complete Amharic Words List PDF and Learning Materials

Our amharic words list pdf contains over 1,000 essential words with their Fidel script, phonetic pronunciation, and English translations. This comprehensive resource includes:

Common Words

Everyday vocabulary for basic conversations and interactions

Cultural Terms

Important cultural and traditional expressions in Amharic

Grammar Basics

Essential grammar patterns and sentence structures

Start Your Amharic Alphabet Journey Today

Learning the amharic alphabet opens doors to understanding one of Africa's most important languages and cultures. With over 32 million native speakers in Ethiopia and millions more worldwide, Amharic connects you to a rich literary tradition, vibrant culture, and growing global community.

Whether you're planning to visit Ethiopia, connect with Amharic-speaking communities, or simply explore this beautiful script, our comprehensive resources provide everything you need to master the full amharic alphabet and begin reading and writing ethiopian letters with confidence.

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